Carbon Contracts for Difference
Carbon Contracts for Difference - what’s behind them?
Carbon Contracts for Difference are climate protection agreements between the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection (BMWK) and the operators of emission-intensive industrial plants. Their purpose is to make climate-friendly manufacturing processes economically viable. The CCfDs compensate for the additional costs of transformative, low-emission manufacturing processes compared to conventional technologies. This creates a positive investment environment and financial incentives for the use of innovative, climate-neutral technologies, allowing companies to switch to more climate-friendly production practices. In this way, the CCfDs will make a significant contribution to the transformation of the industrial sector and to climate neutrality in Germany.
Objective of funding
The CCfDs focus on emission-intensive industrial sectors, such as the the paper, chemical, metal or glass industry. These will be subsidised for a period of 15 years to ensure that the road to climate neutrality is rapid and cost-efficient. The aim of the programme is to directly save around 350 megatonnes of CO₂ equivalent by 2045 and prevent greenhouse gas emissions from being shifted abroad. The CO₂ contracts for difference also provide an incentive for the necessary technologies and infrastructures to be developed and implemented in Germany right now in order to promote national innovations for the decarbonisation of industry worldwide.
How CCfDs work in practice
CCfDs are concluded between the state and the investing company. The European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) serves as the reference market. As such, the contract guarantees the difference between the agreed CO2 contract price and the price of a CO2 certificate for emission reductions compared to the value of a conventional reference technology. If the contract price is above the current CO2 price level, the state subsidises the
project in the first few years. However, if the CO2 certificate price rises above the contract price, the company is obliged to pay the difference back to the state. The free allocation of certificates to the project which the company can sell at the fixed CO2 certificate price guarantees a fixed CO2 price for emission reductions that reliably incentivises the company to reduce its emissions.
Latest developments
The implementation of the CCfDs funding program began with an initial preparatory process, which took place from 6 June 2023 to 7 August 2023 and was mandatory in order to participate in the subsequent bidding process.
On 12 March 2024, the BMWK launched the first bidding process. Companies in the energy-intensive industry that successfully participated in the preparatory procedure in summer 2023 can apply for 15-year funding for their transformation projects within the bidding process until July 11, 2024. The funding volume comprises a total of four billion euros. Projects with a maximum funding amount of one billion euros will be funded.
Further information
The latest news and background information on the CCfDs can be found on the BMWK website.
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